L

labeled statements

identifiers in, kept separate from those in declarations, 80

specification, 271

LALR(1) (Look Ahead Left Right with 1 token lookahead) grammar

(chapter), 433

language

See also grammars; Java; lexical; semantics; syntax

Beta, 3, 6

C, 1, 2, 6

C++, 1, 2, 6

CLOS, 4

Common Lisp, 4, 6

Dylan, 4, 6

Mesa, 5, 6

Modula-3, 3, 6

term definition, 7

Lao-Tsu, 77

lastElement method

of class Vector, 657

lastIndexOf method

of class String, 542

lastIndexOf method

of class Vector, 660

lastModified method

of class File, 757

Lauper, Cyndi, 610

Layton, Turner, 595

left-hand side

term definition, 7

Lehmer, D. H., 648

length

of array, 197

not part of type, 194

length field, as member of an array, 88

length method

of class File, 757

of class RandomAccessFile, 746

of class String, 535

of class StringBuffer, 550

letters

See also Unicode character set

Java, term definition, 17

lexical

See also semantics; syntax

grammar

LALR(1) grammar, 440

term definition, 7

structure, (chapter), 11

translations, steps involved in, 12

life cycle

See also objects

of objects, 233

line terminators, term definition, 13

linefeed (LF)

escape sequence, 27

handling in a

character literal, 24

string literal, 25

as a line terminator, not input character, 25

lineno method

of class StreamTokenizer, 719

LineNumberInputStream class, 707 linking, 220

linking

See also exceptions; execution; initialization; loading; run-time

classes, process description, 220

errors, 211

in Test class example, at virtual machine startup, 216

interfaces, process description, 220

linkage editing, as optimization technique, 222

LinkageError class, 611

UnsatisfiedLinkError class, 611

list method

of class File, 757

of class Properties, 642

of class ThreadGroup, 609

Litchfield, I. W., 517

literals

See also constants; fields; variables

boolean, term definition and specification, 23

character

escape sequences for, 26

term definition and specification, 24

evaluation of, 312

floating-point

largest and smallest permitted, 22

term definition and specification, 22

integer

largest and smallest permitted, 21

term definition and specification, 19

null, term definition and specification, 27

string

escape sequences for, 26

term definition and specification, 25

term definition and specification, 19

as token, 7

loading

See also ClassLoader class; execution; linking

classes, 218

ClassLoader class, 558

errors, 211

in Test class example, at virtual machine startup, 216

interfaces, 218

load method

of class Properties, 640

of class Runtime, 567

of class System, 583

loadClass method, of class ClassLoader, 559

loadLibrary method

of class Runtime, 567

of class System, 584

process, 219

local variables

See also scope; variables

declarations

definite assignment, 393

statements, 265

declarators and types, 266

definite assignment, required for, 383

local variables

hiding of names by, 268

initial value, 46

naming conventions, 110

scope, 267, 82

specification, 45

locks

See also monitors; synchronization; threads

acquisition and release

by synchronized networks, 161

by synchronized statement, 289

(chapter), 399

interaction with variables, rules about, 407

rules about, 406

synchronization and, 415

log method

of class Math, 521

Long class, 495

long type, 30

See also integral types; numbers

integer literal specification, 20

value range, 31

longBitsToDouble method

of class Double, 515

longValue method

of class Double, 512

of class Float, 505

of class Integer, 489

of class Long, 497

of class Number, 487

Lowell, James Russell, 417

lowerCaseMode method

of class StreamTokenizer, 717

lvalue

See variables, as value of expression

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Java Language Specification (HTML generated by Suzette Pelouch on February 24, 1998)
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