O

object-oriented concepts

See class(es); encapsulation; fields; inheritance; method(s); objects

objects

See also arrays; classes; instances; interfaces; types

Class, array, 199

fields that reference, final modifier effect on changes to, 146

finalization attributes, 232

have classes, while variables have types, 47

life cycle of, 233

Object class

no analogue for interfaces, 185

specification, 199, 40

with Class, 458

operations on references to, 39

reachable, finalization implications, 232

reference, see references

state

impact of changes, 39

transient fields not part of, 147

term definition and specification, 38

unreachable, finalization implications, 232

Observable class, 643

Observer interface, 645

Occam, William of, 351

Occam's razor, 351

See also optimization

octal

See also numbers

base, permitted in integer literals, 19

numerals, specification, 20

one of phrase

grammar notation use, 10 one too many, 276

one too many

operators

See also constructors; expressions; initialization; methods; numbers

arithmetic, numeric promotion, specification, 72

assignment, as only way to change the value of a primitive variable, 31

binary, evaluation order, 305

boolean, 36

compound assignment, evaluation order, 305

floating-point, 34

signed infinity produced by overflow, 35

signed zero produced by underflow, 35

integer

divide, divide by zero exception thrown by, 32

overflow not indicated by, 32

underflow not indicated by, 32

integral, 31

list of, 28

operands evaluated before, 307

precedence, in expression evaluation, 308

on reference types, 39

remainder, divide by zero exception thrown by, 32

string concatenation

constructor invocation by, 177

creating new instances with, 38

thread, term definitions, 401

opt subscript

grammar notation use, 8

optimization

during

class loading, techniques for, 219

preparation phase of linking, 221

resolution phase of linking, 221

final method inlining, 160

finalization, 232

reachable objects reduction, 232

linking

initialization phase of, 227

linkage editing, 222

resolution strategies, 220

optional symbol

term definition, 8

or method

of class BitSet, 621

order

evaluation

arguments lists left-to-right, 305

binary operators, 305

compound assignment, 305

order

evaluation

left-hand operand first, 305

operands evaluated before operations, 307

of other expressions, 310

parentheses and precedence respected, 308

execution, thread rules, 403

field initialization, at run-time, 187

finalizer invocations, implications of no ordering imposition, 234

of floating-point values, 33

of occurrence, of initialization of types, 223

thread interaction, consequences of, 400

ordinaryChar method

of class StreamTokenizer, 716

ordinaryChars method

of class StreamTokenizer, 716

origin

of arrays, 195

out field

of class FileNameDescriptor, 760

of class FilterOutputStream, 730

of class System, 580

OutOfMemoryError class, 611

output

See also files; input; streams

BufferedOutputStream class, 732

ByteArrayOutputStream class, 727

FileOutputStream class, 722

FilterOutputStream class, 730

OutputStream class, 720

PipedOutputStream class, 725

overflow

See also arithmetic; exceptions; numbers

floating-point operators, signed infinity produced by, 35

not indicated by integer operators, 32

overloading

See also object-oriented concepts; inheritance; methods

of abstract interface methods

declarations, 190

examples, 191

of constructors, 180

binary compatibility considerations, 257

of methods, 167

binary compatibility considerations, 257

example, 168

term definition, 167, 87

overriding

See also object-oriented concepts; scope

examples, 168, 169, 170, 172, 190

incorrect, 169

vs. hiding, example, 170

incorrect because of throws, example, 174

large example, 172

methods

abstract

in abstract classes, 158

of non-abstract instance methods, 159

binary compatibility considerations, 258

in interfaces, 189

example, 190

instance, 165

requirements in, 166

term definition, 87

Ozymandias, 353

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